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The advantages of new energy vehicles are environmental protection, energy saving and reduced operating costs. The continuous breakthroughs in its core technology have greatly improved key indicators such as cruising range and charging speed. This provides consumers with more choices and accelerates the transformation of traditional fuel vehicles to new energy vehicles. However, the development of new energy vehicles is not smooth sailing. The imperfect charging facilities, battery recycling problems and high initial acquisition costs have become factors that restrict their further popularization. However, with the advancement of technology and policy support, these problems are gradually being resolved. In the big framework of transportation, the rise of new energy vehicles has a subtle connection with air transport and freight. Air transport and freight have always relied on an efficient logistics system, and ground transportation is a vital link. The development of new energy vehicles has brought new opportunities and challenges to ground logistics and transportation. On the one hand, the environmental protection characteristics of new energy vehicles help reduce carbon emissions during transportation, which is in line with the global pursuit of sustainable development. Today, with the increasing pressure on environmental protection, air transport companies are increasingly inclined to choose logistics suppliers with green transportation capabilities when choosing partners. The application of new energy vehicles can enhance the environmental image of logistics companies and increase their competitiveness in the air transport and freight market. On the other hand, the range and charging time of new energy vehicles still have certain limitations in long-distance transportation. For air transport cargo with extremely high timeliness requirements, this may affect the on-time delivery of goods. Therefore, when the technology of new energy vehicles is not yet fully mature, how to balance environmental protection needs and transportation efficiency is a difficult problem facing logistics companies and air transport companies. In addition, the intelligent development of new energy vehicles has also brought new possibilities for air transport cargo. For example, through the Internet of Vehicles technology, logistics companies can monitor the operating status of vehicles, the location and transportation of goods in real time, and achieve more accurate scheduling and management. This will help improve transportation efficiency, reduce operating costs, and enhance the synergy of the entire air transport cargo industry chain. In order to better adapt to the changes brought about by the development of new energy vehicles, air transport companies and logistics companies need to strengthen cooperation. Both parties can jointly invest in the construction of charging facilities, optimize transportation routes, and develop logistics solutions that adapt to new energy vehicles. At the same time, the government should also introduce relevant policies to encourage and support enterprises to carry out technological innovation and application promotion. In short, the rise of new energy vehicles has brought opportunities and challenges to air transport cargo. Only with the joint efforts of all parties can we achieve sustainable development in the field of transportation and make greater contributions to the prosperity of the economy and society.