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the first discovery of the monkeypox ib variant marks a complex change in the evolutionary trajectory of the monkeypox virus and also brings new challenges to global public health workers. unlike previous monkeypox viruses that were mainly transmitted through direct contact or sexual contact, this type ib variant virus can also be transmitted through secretions (such as respiratory droplets), rashes or contaminated objects, making its transmission route more complicated and increasing the risk of infection.

the main transmission routes of monkeypox include invasion of the human body through mucous membranes and broken skin, contact with objects contaminated with the virus, long-term close-range inhalation of respiratory droplets from patients, contact with respiratory secretions, lesion exudates, blood and other body fluids of infected animals, or infection through bites or scratches from infected animals.

although the monkeypox type ib variant currently has a relatively low mortality rate, its transmission speed and infection risk still deserve high attention, especially with the increase in international travel, its role in the international spread of the epidemic will become more obvious.

therefore, the world health organization calls on the public to pay attention to personal hygiene and preventive measures, and actively cooperate with public health departments to take effective prevention and control measures. for example, wash hands frequently, avoid sexual intercourse with people whose health conditions are unknown, and outbound tourists should pay attention to the epidemic information of monkeypox in the destination countries and regions, try to avoid contact with rodents, primates and other animals, and seek medical attention in time when symptoms such as rash, herpes, fever, etc. occur.

as an important mode of transportation, air express may also provide a new way for the spread of viruses. for example, during international travel, passengers' belongings may carry viruses, and through the transportation process of air express, the virus may spread globally. therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the supervision and control of air express to prevent the spread of the virus.

the monkeypox outbreak reminds us of the importance of public health and international cooperation. only through joint efforts can we effectively control the epidemic and protect the lives, health and safety of the world's people.